RESUMO
Soils play important roles in the proper functioning of agroecosystems. Using molecular characterization methods such as metabarcoding, soils from eight farms (57 samples) belonging to three production system types-agroecological (two farms with twenty-two sampling points), organic (three farms with twenty-one sampling points), and conventional (three farms with fourteen sampling points)-were compared from the rural villages of El Arenillo and El Mesón in Palmira, Colombia. Amplification and sequencing of the hypervariable V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was performed using next-generation sequencing (Illumina MiSeq) to estimate the bacterial composition and the alpha and beta diversity present. Across all soil samples, we found 2 domains (Archaea and Bacteria), 56 phylum, 190 classes, 386 orders, 632 families, and 1101 genera to be present. The most abundant phyla in the three systems were Proteobacteria, (agroecological 28%, organic 30%, and conventional 27%), Acidobacteria (agroecological 22%, organic 21%, and conventional 24%), and Verrucomicrobia (agroecological 10%, organic 6%, and conventional 13%). We found 41 nitrogen-fixing and phosphate-dissolving genera which promote growth and pathogens. Alpha and beta diversity indices were very similar across the three agricultural production systems, as reflected by shared amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) among them, likely due to the proximity of the sampling sites and recent management changes.
RESUMO
RESUMEN Las lesiones de miembro superior ocasionan un profundo impacto en la calidad de vida del paciente. Es bien conocido que para la recuperación del paciente, debe permitírsele jugar un papel activo en su proceso de rehabilitación. Por esta razón, las nuevas tecnologías como la robótica, se están implementando para abordar este problema; tal como lo presentan las múltiples investigaciones reportadas en la literatura. En este artículo, se documentó una revisión de la literatura sobre dispositivos y sistemas robóticos para rehabilitación del miembro superior en niños, lo que incluyó algunos que aún se encuentran en fase de desarrollo, con el fin de ofrecer un panorama global sobre los diseños y soluciones que faciliten el avance de nuevos dispositivos. Para facilidad del lector, este documento se distribuyó en marco teórico, metodología, resultados y discusión, proyecciones de la ingeniería de rehabilitación y conclusiones.
ABSTRACT Upper limb injuries cause a profound impact on patient's quality of life. It is well known that for the recovery of the patient, should be allowed to play an active role in their rehabilitation process. For this reason, new technologies such as robotics, are being implemented to address this problem; as presented by the multiple investigations reported in the literature. In this article, the review of devices and robotic systems for rehabilitation of the upper limb in children was documented, including some that are still under development, in order to provide a comprehensive overview of the designs and solutions to facilitate the development of new devices. For convenience of the reader, this document was distributed into theoretical framework, methodology, results and discussion, projections rehabilitation engineering and conclusions.
